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Medical specialists are medical professionals who have knowledge, education, and training in a particular field of medicine.
In the following lists are presented some types of medical specialists and their areas of expertise.

List of medical careers

Allergist - What Does an Allergist Do?

Area of expertise: Treatment of allergies

Anesthesiologist - What Does an Anesthesiologist Do?

Area of expertise: Administration of anesthetics for surgery

Cardiologist - What does a Cardiologist do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the heart and circulatory system

Pulmonary Specialist - What is a Pulmonary Specialist?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the lungs and chest

Dermatologist - What Does a Dermatologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of skin, hair, and nails

Emergency Medicine Specialist

Area of expertise: Emergency treatment of acute illnesses and injuries

Epidemiologist - What Does an Epidemiologist Do?

Area of expertise: Causes, transmission, and control of infectious diseases

Family Physician - What is Family Physician?

Area of expertise: Ongoing health care for persons of all ages

Gastroenterologist - What do Gastroenterologists Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the digestive system

General Surgeon - What do General Surgeons Do?

Area of expertise: Surgical treatment of diseases of the abdomen, breast, and other areas

Gynecologist - What Does a Gynecologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the female reproductive organs

Hematologist - What Does a Hematologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the blood, bone marrow, and lymph tissues

Internist - What is Internal Medicine Doctor?

Area of expertise: Nonsurgical treatment of diseases of the internal organs

Nephrologist - What Does a Nephrologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the kidney

Neurologist - What Does a Neurologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the brain and nervous system

Neurosurgeon - What Does a Neurosurgeon Do?

Area of expertise: Surgical treatment of diseases of the brain and spinal cord 

Obstetrician - What Does an Obstetrician Do?

Area of expertise: Health care for pregnancy, labor, and childbirth

Oncologist - What Does an Oncologist Do?

Area of expertise: Treatment of cancer

Ophthalmologist - What Does an Ophthalmologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the eye

Orthopedist - What Does an Orthopedist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the bones, joints, and muscles

Otolaryngologist - What Does a Otolaryngologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the ear, nose, throat, and neck

Pathologist - What Does a Pathologist Do?

Area of expertise: Study of biopsy specimens and body fluids

Pediatrician - What Does a Pediatrician Do?

Area of expertise: Health care of infants, children, and adolescents

Physiatrist - What Does a Psychiatrist Do?

Area of expertise: Rehabilitation of patients following illness or injury

Plastic Surgeon - What Does a Plastic Surgeon Do?

Area of expertise: Cosmetic surgery and surgical reconstruction

Podiatrist - What Does a Podiatrist Do?

Area of expertise: Disorders of the foot

Proctologist - What Does a Proctologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the anus, rectum, and colon

Psychiatrist - What Does a Psychiatrist Do?

Area of expertise: Treatment of mental disorders

Radiologist - What Does a Radiologist Do?

Area of expertise: Study of X ray and ultrasound

Rheumatologist - What Does a Rheumatologist Do?

Area of expertise: Treatment of rheumatic diseases

Urologist - What Does a Urologist Do?

Area of expertise: Diseases of the urinary tract and the male reproductive organs

Vascular Surgeon - What Does a Vascular Surgeon Do?

Area of expertise: Surgical treatment of diseases of blood vessels